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Robert S. Franco, PhD

Education/Credentials
  • Doctoral Degree: University of Cincinnati (Chemistry)
  • Fellowship : University of Cincinnati (Teaching)
  • Fellowship: Drexel Insititute of Technology (Research)
  • Bachelor's Degree: Drexel Institute of Technology (Chemistry)
Contact Information
Research Interests

Cellular Pathophysiology of Sickle Cells, Hematology Oncology

Peer Reviewed Publications

Franco, Robert S; Puchulu-Campanella, M Estela; Barber, Latorya A; Palascak, Mary B; Joiner, Clinton H; Low, Philip S; Cohen, Robert M 2013. Changes in the properties of normal human red blood cells during in vivo aging. American journal of hematology, 88 1, 44-51

. Godfrin, Y., Horand, F., Franco, R., Dufour, E., Kosenko, E., Bax, B.E., Banz, A., Skorokhod, O.A., Lanao, J.M., Vitvitsky, V., Sinauridze, E., Bourgeaux, V., Gunter, K.C. 2012. International seminar on the red blood cells as vehicles for drugs ( Conference Paper ) Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, 12: , 127-133

. Paramjit K. Khera, Eric P. Smith, Shannon Haggerty, Christopher J. Lindsell, Mary B. Palascak, Shilpa Mehta, M. Colleen Rogge, Jacqueline M. Hibbert, Robert S. Franco, Robert M. Cohen 2012. Development and Validation of a Stable Isotope Label to Measure Red Blood Cell Lifespan in Diabetes , ,

De Franceschi, Lucia; Franco, Robert S; Bertoldi, Mariarita; Brugnara, Carlo; Matté, Alessandro; Siciliano, Angela; Wieschhaus, Adam J; Chishti, Athar H; Joiner, Clinton H 2012. Pharmacological inhibition of calpain-1 prevents red cell dehydration and reduces Gardos channel activity in a mouse model of sickle cell disease. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, ,

Mock, Donald M; Widness, John A; Strauss, Ronald G; Franco, Robert S 2012. Posttransfusion red blood cell (RBC) survival determined using biotin-labeled RBCs has distinct advantages over labeling with (51) Cr. Transfusion, 52 7, 1596-8

Pan, Dao; Kalfa, Theodosia A; Wang, Daren; Risinger, Mary; Crable, Scott; Ottlinger, Anna; Chandra, Sharat; Mount, David B; Hübner, Christian A; Franco, Robert S; Joiner, Clinton H 2011. K-Cl cotransporter gene expression during human and murine erythroid differentiation. The Journal of biological chemistry, 286 35, 30492-503

Srinivasan, R; Ozhegov, E; van den Berg, Y W; Aronow, B J; Franco, R S; Palascak, M B; Fallon, J T; Ruf, W; Versteeg, H H; Bogdanov, V Y 2011. Splice variants of tissue factor promote monocyte-endothelial interactions by triggering the expression of cell adhesion molecules via integrin-mediated signaling. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH, 9 10, 2087-96

Ferreira, Manoel Luiz; Matusin, Daniel Patterson; Machado, Christiano Bittencourt; Silva, Paulo César; Mello, Natalia Bernades; Amaral, Alessandra Cintra; Franco, Renata Schueler; Pereira, Wagner Coelho de Albuquerque; Schanaider, Alberto 2010. Characterization of pseudarthrosis with ultrasound backscattered signals in rats. Acta cirúrgica brasileira / Sociedade Brasileira para Desenvolvimento Pesquisa em Cirurgia, 25 1, 13-7

Ajay Perumbeti, Tomoyasu Higashimoto, Fabrizia Urbinati, Robert Franco, Herbert Meiselman, David Witte, and Punam Malik 2009. . Genetic Correction of Sickle Cell Anemia with a Gamma-Globin Expressing Lentivirus Vector and Critical Determinants for Successful Correction Blood, 114: , 1174-1185

Barber, Latorya A; Palascak, Mary B; Joiner, Clinton H; Franco, Robert S 2009. Aminophospholipid translocase and phospholipid scramblase activities in sickle erythrocyte subpopulations. British journal of haematology, 146 4, 447-55

Ferreira, Manoel Luiz; Silva, Paulo Cesar; Pereira, Lara de Paula Miranda; Franco, Renata Schueler; Mello, Natalia Bernades; Amaral, Alessandra Cintra; Schanaider, Alberto 2009. [Experimental model in rats for the development of pseudoarthrosis]. Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões, 36 6, 514-8

Franco, Robert S 2009. The measurement and importance of red cell survival. American journal of hematology, 84 2, 109-14

Chu, Haiyan; Breite, Andrew; Ciraolo, Peter; Franco, Robert S; Low, Philip S 2008. Characterization of the deoxyhemoglobin binding site on human erythrocyte band 3: implications for O2 regulation of erythrocyte properties. Blood, 111 2, 932-8

Cohen, Robert M; Franco, Robert S; Khera, Paramjit K; Smith, Eric P; Lindsell, Christopher J; Ciraolo, Peter J; Palascak, Mary B; Joiner, Clinton H 2008. Red cell life span heterogeneity in hematologically normal people is sufficient to alter HbA1c. Blood, 112 10, 4284-91

Cohen, Robert M; Joiner, Clinton H; Franco, Robert S 2008. Discordant HbA1c results: the hoofbeats increase. The Journal of pediatrics, 153 1, 7-9

Khera, Paramjit K; Joiner, Clinton H; Carruthers, Anthony; Lindsell, Christopher J; Smith, Eric P; Franco, Robert S; Holmes, Yancey R; Cohen, Robert M 2008. Evidence for interindividual heterogeneity in the glucose gradient across the human red blood cell membrane and its relationship to hemoglobin glycation. Diabetes, 57 9, 2445-52

Lindsell, Christopher J; Franco, Robert S; Smith, Eric P; Joiner, Clinton H; Cohen, Robert M 2008. A method for the continuous calculation of the age of labeled red blood cells. American journal of hematology, 83 6, 454-7

Joiner, Clinton H; Rettig, R Kirk; Jiang, Maorong; Risinger, Mary; Franco, Robert S 2007. Urea stimulation of KCl cotransport induces abnormal volume reduction in sickle reticulocytes. Blood, 109 4, 1728-35

Roszell, Nancy J; Danton, Mary Jo; Jiang, Maorong; Witte, David; Daugherty, Cynthia; Grimes, Timothy; Girdler, Benjamin; Anderson, Kathleen P; Franco, Robert S; Degen, Jay L; Joiner, Clinton H 2007. Fibrinogen deficiency, but not plasminogen deficiency, increases mortality synergistically in combination with sickle hemoglobin SAD in transgenic mice. American journal of hematology, 82 12, 1044-8

Franco, Robert S; Yasin, Zahida; Palascak, Mary B; Ciraolo, Peter; Joiner, Clinton H; Rucknagel, Donald L 2006. The effect of fetal hemoglobin on the survival characteristics of sickle cells. Blood, 108 3, 1073-6

Novo, E; Marra, F; Zamara, E; Valfrè di Bonzo, L; Monitillo, L; Cannito, S; Petrai, I; Mazzocca, A; Bonacchi, A; De Franco, R S M; Colombatto, S; Autelli, R; Pinzani, M; Parola, M 2006. Overexpression of Bcl-2 by activated human hepatic stellate cells: resistance to apoptosis as a mechanism of progressive hepatic fibrogenesis in humans. Gut, 55 8, 1174-82

Cohen, Robert M; Franco, Robert S; Joiner, Clinton H 2004. Is poor glycemic control associated with reduced red blood cell lifespan? Diabetes care, 27 4, 1013-4

Joiner, Clinton H; Rettig, R Kirk; Jiang, Maorong; Franco, Robert S 2004. KCl cotransport mediates abnormal sulfhydryl-dependent volume regulation in sickle reticulocytes. Blood, 104 9, 2954-60

Yasin, Zahida; Witting, Scott; Palascak, Mary B; Joiner, Clinton H; Rucknagel, Donald L; Franco, Robert S 2003. Phosphatidylserine externalization in sickle red blood cells: associations with cell age, density, and hemoglobin F. Blood, 102 1, 365-70

Holtzclaw, J David; Jiang, Maorong; Yasin, Zahida; Joiner, Clinton H; Franco, Robert S 2002. Rehydration of high-density sickle erythrocytes in vitro. Blood, 100 8, 3017-25

Joiner, C H; Jiang, M; Claussen, W J; Roszell, N J; Yasin, Z; Franco, R S 2001. Dipyridamole inhibits sickling-induced cation fluxes in sickle red blood cells. Blood, 97 12, 3976-83

Franco, R S; Yasin, Z; Lohmann, J M; Palascak, M B; Nemeth, T A; Weiner, M; Joiner, C H; Rucknagel, D L 2000. The survival characteristics of dense sickle cells. Blood, 96 10, 3610-7

McGoron, A J; Joiner, C H; Palascak, M B; Claussen, W J; Franco, R S 2000. Dehydration of mature and immature sickle red blood cells during fast oxygenation/deoxygenation cycles: role of KCl cotransport and extracellular calcium. Blood, 95 6, 2164-8

Franco, R S; Lohmann, J; Silberstein, E B; Mayfield-Pratt, G; Palascak, M; Nemeth, T A; Joiner, C H; Weiner, M; Rucknagel, D L 1998. Time-dependent changes in the density and hemoglobin F content of biotin-labeled sickle cells. The Journal of clinical investigation, 101 12, 2730-40

Joiner, C H; Jiang, M; Fathallah, H; Giraud, F; Franco, R S 1998. Deoxygenation of sickle red blood cells stimulates KCl cotransport without affecting Na+/H+ exchange. The American journal of physiology, 274 6 Pt 1, C1466-75

Li, J; Franco, R S; Wang, Y; Pan, H Q; Eaton, D; Cheng, T; Kaushansky, K; Dai, W 1998. Megakaryocytic differentiation of HIMeg-1 cells induced by interferon gamma and tumour necrosis factor alpha but not by thrombopoietin. Cytokine, 10 11, 880-9

Franco, R S; Thompson, H; Palascak, M; Joiner, C H 1997. The formation of transferrin receptor-positive sickle reticulocytes with intermediate density is not determined by fetal hemoglobin content. Blood, 90 8, 3195-203

Franco, R S; Palascak, M; Thompson, H; Rucknagel, D L; Joiner, C H 1996. Dehydration of transferrin receptor-positive sickle reticulocytes during continuous or cyclic deoxygenation: role of KCl cotransport and extracellular calcium. Blood, 88 11, 4359-65

Franco, R S; Palascak, M; Thompson, H; Joiner, C H 1995. KCl cotransport activity in light versus dense transferrin receptor-positive sickle reticulocytes. The Journal of clinical investigation, 95 6, 2573-80

Joiner, C H; Franco, R S; Jiang, M; Franco, M S; Barker, J E; Lux, S E 1995. Increased cation permeability in mutant mouse red blood cells with defective membrane skeletons. Blood, 86 11, 4307-14

Joiner, C H; Jiang, M; Franco, R S 1995. Deoxygenation-induced cation fluxes in sickle cells. IV. Modulation by external calcium. The American journal of physiology, 269 2 Pt 1, C403-9

Franco, R S; Barker-Gear, R; Miller, M A; Williams, S M; Joiner, C H; Rucknagel, D L 1994. Fetal hemoglobin and potassium in isolated transferrin receptor-positive dense sickle reticulocytes. Blood, 84 6, 2013-20

Franco, R S; Lee, K N; Barker-Gear, R; Gates, R; Menitove, J E 1994. Use of bi-level biotinylation for concurrent measurement of in vivo recovery and survival in two rabbit platelet populations. Transfusion, 34 9, 784-9

Franco, R S; Barker-Gear, R; Green, R 1993. Inhibition of sickling after reduction of intracellular hemoglobin concentration with an osmotic pulse: characterization of the density and hemoglobin concentration distributions. Blood cells, 19 2, 475-88; discussion 4

Lower, E E; Franco, R S; Miller, M A; Martelo, O J 1993. Enzymatic and immunohistochemical evaluation of tyrosine phosphorylation in breast cancer specimens. Breast cancer research and treatment, 26 3, 217-24

Lower, E E; Franco, R S; Martelo, O J 1992. Increased tyrosine protein kinase activity in hairy cell and monocytic leukemias. The American journal of the medical sciences, 303 6, 387-91

Crick, J C; Conners, J J; Franco, R S 1990. Irreducible palmar dislocation of the proximal interphalangeal joint with bilateral avulsion fractures. The Journal of hand surgery, 15 3, 460-3

Wyse, J W; Franco, R S; Barker, R; Yacko, M A; Butterfield, D A 1990. Membrane processes associated with the osmotic-pulse incorporation of inositol hexaphosphate. Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1022 1, 87-92

Franco, R S; Barker, R L 1989. Modification of the oxygen affinity and intracellular hemoglobin concentration of normal and sickle cells by means of an osmotic pulse. The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine, 113 1, 58-66

Wyse, J W; Franco, R S; Barker, R; Butterfield, D A 1989. Erythrocyte membrane skeletal protein alterations induced by polyanions: implications to the osmotic-pulse incorporation of inositol hexaphosphate. Progress in clinical and biological research, 292 , 65-75

Franco, R S; Stowers, S F; McCue, F C 1988. Anterior cruciate ligament tears: assessment, treatment. Virginia medical, 115 7, 342-4

Franco, R S; Weiner, M; Wagner, K; Martelo, O J; Ragno, G; Pivacek, L E; Valeri, C R 1988. The 24-hour posttransfusion survival and lifespan of autologous baboon red cells treated with inositol hexaphosphate-polyethylene glycol or inositol hexaphosphate-adenosine triphosphate-polyethylene glycol to decrease oxygen affinity. Vox sanguinis, 55 2, 90-6

Crick, J C; Franco, R S; Conners, J J 1987. Fractures about the interphalangeal joints in children. Journal of orthopaedic trauma, 1 4, 318-25

Wyse, J W; Barker, R; Franco, R S; Martelo, O; Butterfield, D A 1987. Electron spin resonance (ESR) studies of skeletal protein interactions in human erythrocyte membranes exposed to polyanions and in membranes prepared from inositol hexaphosphate (IHP)-incorporated low-affinity erythrocytes. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 144 2, 779-86

Franco, R S; Barker, R; Novick, S; Weiner, M; Martelo, O J 1986. Effect of inositol hexaphosphate on the transient behavior of red cells following a DMSO-induced osmotic pulse. Journal of cellular physiology, 129 2, 221-9

Franco, R S; Wagner, K; Weiner, M; Martelo, O J 1984. Preparation of low-affinity red cells with dimethylsulfoxide-mediated inositol hexaphosphate incorporation: hemoglobin and ATP recovery using a continuous-flow method. American journal of hematology, 17 4, 393-400

Spadaro, J; Hashimoto, L M; Franco, R S; Bregagnollo, E A; Tucci, P J 1984. [Effect of previous administration of amiodarone on the early incidence of ventricular fibrillation during experimental myocardial ischemia]. Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia, 42 1, 25-9

Franco, R S; Weiner, M; Wagner, K; Martelo, O J 1983. Incorporation of inositol hexaphosphate into red blood cells mediated by dimethyl sulfoxide. Life sciences, 32 24, 2763-8

Franco, R S; Roberts, K; Martelo, O J 1982. Lack of inhibition of protein synthesis by double-stranded RNA in a cell-free system prepared from human reticulocytes. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics, 214 1, 186-91

Kumpati, J; Franco, R S; Weiner, M; Martelo, O J 1982. Sickling as a function of oxygen delivery: effect of simulated transfusions of stored, fresh and inositol-hexaphosphate-loaded (low affinity) red cells. Blood cells, 8 2, 263-72

Franco, R S; Hogg, J W; Martelo, O J 1981. Activation and partial characterization of a human reticulocyte heme-dependent eIF-Z alpha kinase. American journal of hematology, 11 1, 9-18

Franco, R S; Hogg, J W; Martelo, O J 1979. The effect of INH-inhibited heme synthesis on globin synthesis. The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine, 93 4, 679-86

Franco, R S; Hogg, J W; Martelo, O J 1978. Asynchronous globin chain synthesis in rabbit reticulocyte lystates induced by hemin-controlled repressor. Blood, 51 4, 653-8

Wright, R C; Franco, R S; Denton, D; Blaney, D J 1976. Scleromyxedema. Archives of dermatology, 112 1, 63-6

Joiner, C H; Franco, R S . The activation of KCL cotransport by deoxygenation and its role in sickle cell dehydration. Blood cells, molecules & diseases, 27 1, 158-64

Miller, T J; Franco, R S; Chance, W T; Martelo, O J; Popp, M B . Amino acid requirements of a rat sarcoma as determined by a stem cell assay. JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition, 11 3, 223-8

Park, Juyoung; Franco, Robert S; Augsburger, James J; Banerjee, Rupak K . Comparison of 2-methoxyestradiol and methotrexate effects on non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma. Current eye research, 32 7-8, 659-67

Abstract Publications

Ramprasad Srinivasan, Danielle Coyle, Neil Batra, Victor Blanco, Wilson Tong, Mary Palascak, Robert S. Franco, Tapan Chatterjee, David Y. Hui, W. Sean Davidson, Bruce J. Aronow, Evgeny Ozhigov, David Manka, Abigail Peairs, Adnda Blomkahs, Neal L. Weintraub, and Vladimir Y. Bogdanov 2012. RBC- Macrophage Inflammatory Axis: Potential Role for Atherosclerosis , ,


Ramprasad Srinivasan, Danielle Coyle, Neil Batra, Victor Blanco, Wilson Tong, Mary Palascak, Robert S. Franco, Tapan Chatterjee, David Y. Hui, W. Sean Davidson, Bruce J. Aronow, Theodosia Kalfa, David Manka, Abigail Peairs, Adnda Blomkahs, Neal L. Weintraub, and Vladimir Y. Bogdanov 2012. Red Blood Cells as a Novel Mediator of Chronic Inflammation in Diet-Induced Obesity: Implications for Atherosclerosis , ,


Robert S. Franco, Mary B. Palascak, Peter Ciraolo, Clinton H. Joiner, and KarenAnn Kalinyak 2009. Cyclical Changes in Erythrocyte Characteristics during Chronic Transfusion Therapy in Pediatric Sickle Cell Patients , ,


Latorya Arnold, Mary B. Palascak, Clinton H. Joiner, and Robert S. Franco 2008. External PS in Sickle RBC: Relationships among Aminophospholipid Translocase (APLT), Phospholipid Scramblase (PLSCR), Cell Maturity, and Cell Density , ,


Latorya Arnold, Mary B. Palascak, Peter Ciraolo, Clinton H. Joiner, and Robert S. Franco 2007. Aminophospholipid Translocase Activity is Markedly Decreased in Dehydrated Sickle Red Blood Cells , ,


Latorya Arnold, Mary B Palascak, Peter Ciraolo, Clinton H Joiner, and Robert S Franco 2006. Aminophospholipid Translocase Activity And Phosphatidylserine Externalization In Sickle Red Blood Cell Subpopulations , ,


Latorya E. Arnold, BS, Peter Ciraolo, MS, Mary B. Palascak, BS, Clinton H. Joiner, MD, PhD, and Robert S. Franco, PhD 2006. The Presence Of Activated Caspase 3 In Sickle Cells , ,


Clinton H. Joiner, R. Kirk Rettig, Mary Palascak, Amher Sheriff, Robert M. Cohen, Robert S. Franco. 2005. Mature Sickle and Normal Red Cells Exhibit Regulatory Volume Decrease Activated by Urea and Mediated by KCl Cotransport , ,


Robert S. Franco, Peter Ciraolo, Mary B. Palascak, Clinton H. Joiner, Zahida Yasin, Donald L. Rucknagel 2005. The Survival of Sickle RBC that Lack HbF Is Shorter in Patients with a High Percentage of HbF-Containing RBC , ,


Robert S. Franco, Peter Ciraolo, Mary B. Palascak, and Clinton H. Joiner 2004. Dense Sickle Cells Contain Decreased Amounts Of The Calpain Inhibitor Calpastatin , ,


Robert S. Franco, Peter Ciraolo, Mary B. Palascak, Clinton H. Joiner, Zahia Yasin, and Donald Rucknagel 2004. Sickle cell patients with a high percentage of HbF-containing RBC (F cells) have a shorter survival of RBC that lack HbF , ,


Robert S. Franco, Mary Palascak, Peter Ciraolo, Annette Lavender, Clinton H. Joiner, Zahida Yasin, and Donald L. Rucknagel 2003. Survival of F and nonF Sickle Cells Before and After Treatment with Hydroxyurea , ,


R.S. Franco, J.D. Holtzclaw, and C.H. Joiner 2002. Sickle cell dehydration revisited: evidence for pathological rehydration of dense cells. , ,


R.S. Franco, Z. Yasin, C.H. Joiner, and D.L. Rucknagel 2002. High sodium sickle cells from the low density fraction have very short in vivo survival , ,


Robert S. Franco, Mary B. Palascak, Maorong Jiang, and Clinton H. Joiner 2002. Dense Sickle Cells Have a Wide Range of Sodium Content , ,


Zahida Yasin, Mary B. Palascak, Peter J. Ciraolo, Clinton H. Joiner, and Donald L. Rucknagel 2002. Time-dependent Changes in the Percentage of Cells with Low or High Levels of External Phosphatidylserine (PS) after Reinfusion of Biotin-labeled Sickle Cells , ,


Latorya Arnold, Mary B. Palascak, Peter Ciraolo, Clinton H. Joiner, and Robert S. Franco . External PS in Sickle RBC: Phospholipid Scramblase Is Activated In Normal And Sickle Red Blood Cells After Exposure To Phorbol Ester , ,